A geographic information system (GIS) is a conceptualized framework that provides the ability to capture and analyze spatial and geographic data. GIS applications (or GIS apps) are computer-based tools that allow the user to make interactive queries (user-created searches), store and edit spatial and non-spatial data, analyze spatial information output, and visually share the results of those operations by presenting them as maps Geographic informatics-the scientific study of geographic concepts, applications, and systems-is commonly initialized as GIS, as well.